i assume since the game you can already do anything, but can you say like a thief do blacksmithing instead of alchemy? etc.
Any character can choose any perks whatsoever. You could max out heavy armor, as well as sneak, if you were so inclined.
To specifically answer your question, you could absolutely max your perks in sneak/thievery trees as well as blacksmithing. Just be careful spreading out your perks to much. Don't want to be a jack of all trades but master of none.