When I return to Jorrvaskr I have to follow Vilkas. Then a sequence starts where they talk to me and I am inducted into the Companions. The problem is that after the sequence nothing happens. The journal doesn't complete the quest and I don't regain control of my char.
I have already tried to finish the quest with the setstage command and also to rest some hours, enter a building, do another quest before I talk to Vilkas. Everything without success.

Maybe somebody can help.

So none of the companions talk to you afterwards? After the speech, Kodlak or Vilkas (I forget who) approaches you with forced dialog. As long as your not hitting tab to try and rush out of the ceremony, I've never seen it bugged before.

They talk to me and then nothing happens.