I'm guessing these are mods (even if they do come across as looking vanilla), but I've done searches and can't find any details on them. Well, I've found two odd looking cloaks which both claim to be enchanted in some way, one called "Cape of the Red Eagle" and the other's called "The Fall of Winterhold". Can anyone give me info on them, like what mod they're from and what actual powers they have?

Cloaks of Skyrim. I don't remember the effects, have you tried looking in Magic Effects or comparing stats before/after?

I love Cloaks of Skyrim, it's a bit of a treasure hunt trying to find the unique ones, and I do love a good treasure hunt!
A lot of the named cloaks you have to equip and check your active effects to see what it does.