There appear to be a few bugs that cause this to happen, altho I personally don't know the actual causes in most cases...it can seem rather random but I think it's often related to wearing faction armor (the disguise effect never comes off/sets things to neutral or hostile even if you stop wearing the armor). One known specific item was the White Glove Society mask (or all the WG clothing maybe) - no clue if it was supposed to be/has been fixed in one of the patches. Have you worn that recently? Or any faction armor?
Edit: the white mask one has no fix, but sometimes if you're lucky the generic faction armor ones can be.
Here's a wiki page description of the faction armor bug: http://fallout.wikia.com/wiki/Fallout:_New_Vegas_factions#Bugs