IF i'm saying it as a big IF the PC version has enhanced textures, It won't suffer as much because the only other thing left is high poly models, which seem fine for now. There is enough details on the characters to make it look good. Their physics AI and sound as of now looks good. The only other thing left is networking, which I'm sure will be good as they have enough experience with it due to Quake live.
Now the true problem as you suggest is textures but if the PC version has higher res textures I don't see any issue here. Crysis 2 was blurred to no end with effects but Rage does not seem to be using that strategy so it will be fine.
According to me multi platforming has not degraded games in terms of aesthetics but in terms of programming related bugs. As a specific platform doesn't get enough testing time that specific platform is usually littered with bugs. Rage has been in development for ever and I don't think ID will let a super buggy game out into the field.