Also, many countries require Visas if you're staying past a certain period. For example, I'm going to live in Germany for 2 months this summer for school, but since I'm staying under 90 days, I don't need a Visa. When I lived in Italy for 9 months, I did need a Visa. So it is, I imagine, with most Western countries.
Yup. Places which do have a visa-free period generally limit it to the length of a tourist visa. Another common condition (I haven't seen one without it) is for it to be no more than three months
within a six-month period, so you can't just pop over the border and come back to another three months. In fact, it has the potential to alter one's travel plans significantly -- if you want to hang around The Netherlands for a couple of months then do the same in Switzerland, you'd have to get a visa for at least part of your stay in the second country (and you'd have to shorten it if they decide not to give you one).