Is it possible to have an armour enchantment that does an action to the attacker of the player (or whoever is wearing the armour), when the player/wearer is hit?

All the armour enchantments I have seen just boost stats, So I have no base to start off from.

You'll probably have to do a scripted effect on the armor. You might check the item "Ebony Mail" in the CK for reference.
You might also look at the item "Spiked Targe" (I think this is right) if you're looking for something that does reflective damage.

Well I was planning an armour enchantment that when an enemy hits the wearer, it would freeze them. Essentially the opposite of a weapon enchantment (The attacker has to hit, not you). So is there really no way to do this sorta thing?