With all the "junk" that is collected throughout the wastes is there any difference in storing your items in the workshop or physically scrapping them in regards to the components you receive...

Basically you are keeping the original form of the item intact until it is scrapped during the crafting of another item (mod, settlement piece, chem, etc). There are some items that require the original item, while others need the raw material.

For example, I know that Mole Rat Teeth are needed for something, but they contain also contain bone. If you scrap it, you won't be able to use it as Mole Rat Teeth and only as bone, versus if you don't scrap it you can use it for both as it'll be automatically scrapped if you need bone but don't any but you have an item that contains it.

Scrapping turns it into less parts than it took to make the said item while storing keeps the item intact for later use.
Example: you make a turret with steel, ceramic, circatry, and copper. You can either store it and make it agian at no cost or you can scrap it for steel but none of the other materials

Saves time over having to do it all yourself. If for example your have a broom, 1 screw, 1 wood. You make something that uses the 1 screw. The unused wood would just be dropped into the base wood collection.

The downside for some is that your workbench junk menu would be really full of....Well, junk. Myself I don't mind it and it's a lot faster just pushing one button to dump everything into the WB.