My skyrim updated today... Looking at the version number compared with script dragon and skse, it looks as if they should work fine together... Yet skyrim crashes shortly after I start it up. Doesn't even make it to the menu.

Yes. In the future, please see their threads here. SKSE has been working and SD was updated earlier today or yesterday.

Any idea why my game crashes instantly after start up then since my latest update when it was working fine with 1.5?

Have updated SD/SKSE?

You have updated SKSE and Script Dragon right? Latest SKSE version is http://skse.silverlock.org/ and Script Dragon was just updated to work with http://www.gamesas.com/topic/1355668-rel-script-dragon-topic-6/page__view__findpost__p__20963675.
If you are up-to-date and still crash, backup then delete your Skyrim and SkyrimPrefs ini's in your skyrim saves directory, and let the skyrim launcher generate fresh ones, then load the game up without changing settings.

Edit: Quoted wrong post.