I fixed this problem in my game (or so it seems, but Esbern finally has a voice and I reloaded back to the bugged first meeting with Esbern and it worked, he opened the door himself) you need Oblivion installed for it to work tho since OBMM won't install without Oblivion on your PC.
Install Oblivion Mod Manager
Open it and in utilities select BSA browser, go to your Skyrim folder and select "Skyrim - Voicesixtra" in the Data folder.
When OBMM loads it, select "Extract All" and extract it in your Skyrim Data folder.
Load up your game and see if it works when you talk to Esbern. It did for me and he got his voice back and seems to not be bugged.
