I had this same bug and found a solution. It involves using a glitch (lol) by going through the wall. Get a platter or a plate (platter works the best) and put it up against the gate at eye level. Run straight into the platter and you will start glitching through the gate. It might take a few tries, but I could replicate this exploit and was able to enter the castle and continue the main quest.
Edit: Here is a video on how to do the glitch http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tDJRKLRtYOY&feature=related - Just do this at the gate and you will get through, and you can go in the door and continue the quest. Don't worry about Serana not getting through because she will automatically appear when you go inside the castle.