...Here is what you do:
1. Save first, this only works if you make a save before you go anywhere, the autosave made after arrive is too late.
2. Go to the town you want, Fast Travel, Carraige or walk, it makes no difference.
3. If the dragon shows up at the town, then reload and fast travel somewhere else in the Hold to fight the dragon, save, then go to the town you want. You should be dragon free for a while.
This is based on the fact that the game decides it is going to send a dragon after you, it is going to send it after you no matter where you are. So, pick the place of battle. Fast travel seems to accelerate, in real time, the frequency of the dragon attacks as so much game time elapses. I usually pick a fort that has bandits for the dragon to play with.
Good idea. I'll try that.
For me, dragons only seem to show up when I decide to go naked adventuring!
Naked adventuring = Decide on a location to visit then, leave the house in only your loin cloth. The only equipment you are allowed to use is that which you find along the way.
Usually ends up with me punching a dragon with my bare fists until some bandits or guards show up. Once they have been incinerated, I help myself to whatever they were carrying.
Iron.