A Dragonborn is uniquely able to halt a dragon's cycle of physical death and resurrection by devouring the essence of its being (its soul). Now, when a dragon's soul is devoured, the dragonborn also gains the accumulated knowledge of the dragon; it is this knowledge that lets the player "unlock" new words to Shouts. Also, since the altar encountered in the "Horn of Jurgen WIndcaller" quest is able to confer a soul to the player, it seems as though souls do not have to be consumed from freshly-slain dragons but can also be obtained from other sources. Additionally, a dragonborn is, to my understanding, the soul of a dragon stuffed into the body of a mortal. So it stands to reason that, if a dragonborn were to slay another dragonborn, the killer would receive the knowledge of the victim... including the knowledge of every single dragon that the victim killed over their lifetime. Which, in the First Dragonborn's case, seems to be a lot.
So, for everyone complaining about having nothing to do with the 100+ souls you've collected in your journeys through pre-DB Skyrim... your problems may only grow larger...