So the enemy has to stop being "alerted" to my presence for the multiplier to work even though they wouldn't be able to see me? (they have to be "on patrol" again?)
Update: I activated the stone that lets you go invisible once per day and pulled out a dagger to test.
Results: You can attack an enemy (while others are around) , go invisible and run 10 paces away and then crouch, even if they were five paces behind you they loose sight of you. Heres the best part: even though they are aware someone is lurking about, if you attack while still invisible and crouched you get the multiplier. (only seems to work when attacking from back or sides of enemy but not the front... could be because my sneak was only 25 with only the first +20% sneak perk.
So in short if you want to create a character based on the x15 dagger sneak bonus you can. You start to see good results when sneak is about 40 and your magica is 230 as invisibility costs 111 magic to cast without any perks on Illusion. Illusion skill also has to be 75 in order to buy invisibility spell from mages college. So, focus on magica (for Invisibility and Illusion), one handed and sneak = x15 every time. (and thats without that item that x2 your sneak attacks which would make every strike x30!
Happy this works.