If you side with the Vampires the Vamp attacks are replaced with Dawnguard but they only go after you so villagers are safe though if you are hit the guards/villagers turn on the dawnguard so I always run out of the cities so they chase me out before I get hit, Gstaff confirmed if you finish the Main quest they stop attacking towns on both sides but still randomly attack you in the wilderness.
The vamp attacks are hardly replaced by Dawnguard attacks, a VL gets attacked by the Dawnguard almost constantly, and they still get attacked by vampires in the wild and have attacks on towns both walled and not walled. My Vampire Lord Braggen had 5 vampire attacks on walled towns, which is probably as much as those got who were complaining there were too many attacks. The Dawnguard attacks were extra on top of the random vampire attacks
Braggen never had any Dawnguard attack him in a walled town, but they attacked him in the wild, near the castle and in orc strongholds and the smaller towns. And still after the main quest he has suicidal Dawnguard chasing him. No attacks by either group on any towns now.