After downloading the new patch, I got tired of looking at the frozen Alikir Soldiers at the entrance of Whiterun. So I went ahead and snuck in a dark corner and took them both out with out anyone noticing. As soon as I popped out the whole town started chasing me. I tried several times and I just can't get rid of them without killing the rest of the town. Even if I run away and come back later the guards remember me and will attack me on sight. The only way I could take care of them is by transforming into a werewolf, kill them off then run away.
My friend is having trouble with a few DB quests. Same thing, getting 100% one shot stealth kills, yet whole town chases him down when hes pops out of sneak.
There has got to be other people experiencing this.
I don't think that has anything to do with patch 1.3 because I pretty much the exact same issue a couple weeks ago. I was in Whiterun, and I had been killing guards (sneakily of course) to recharge black soul gems. Well, at one point, I killed a guard, and the same exact thing happened that you explained. I couldn't evade the guards, or any of the townsfolk. I couldn't escape the city, I couldn't do anything. They attacked me no matter what. Finally I decided to stash my stolen goods and gold elsewhere in Skyrim, then came back and let them haul me off to the dungeons.
I don't know what's more ironic, expecting to get away with murder in broad daylight because in Skyrim you normally can, or the fact that this behavior (I'd consider it a bug) more accurately represents how guards should behave if they've seen a murder or a dead body.