http://www.uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Dragons
http://www.uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Wars#The_Dragon_War
Essentially, all of the lore and history of Man and Mer develops with the end of the Merthic Era and is detailed in various information by King Harald's bards and other sources. Prior to Skyrim, the "Dragon War" wasn't very well known, and it still isn't quite that. After playing through the storyline, it is still rather unclear as to when in history this war actually occured. It is eluded in the game that Dragons ruled over men and mer in the dawning era, but there is not mention of this in prior history. What is troubling me is that Bethesda's loremasters have not released any updated information or any novels in the game detailing the war, while the archaeic history of Ysgramor is detailed quite well, and that is supposedly supposed to occur before the end of the Dragon War atop the Throat of the World. It seems to me that the exact dates of the war and information of it is either unknown or Bethesda isn't telling us something. My question to anyone who may read this and respond is if you have anything to add, suggest, or clarify as to when this war may have occured and why it is not detailed as well as it should have been by Bethesda's loremasters.