RACES
Many will say that Dunmer are the best race to be a vampire. With Dawnguard a vampire’s weakness to fire will max out at 50% (at stage 4, while simultaneously providing a 50% resistance to frost), and Dunmer have a 50% resistance to fire, which perfectly neutralizes one of the biggest weaknesses of being a vampire. Sounds very good.
With their 25% magic resistance (which includes fire), Bretons are also a pretty good choice.
Personally, I am something of a fan of Altmer. Extra magicka (50 points) is always good, right? Both of the vampire characters I have played have been Altmer (one of which was infected at level 3), but being a Dunmer sure looks like it would have some great benefits.
SKILLS
Being a Vampire gives a character the benefit of +25% in both Sneak and Illusion. This will automatically make a Vampire character more stealthy and will enable their Illusion spells to work on higher level enemies. Entire dungeons can be cleared using just these two skills -- cast frenzy upon groups of enemies and sneak up and execute the last enemy standing. Good stuff. I would suggest that any vampire character that does not make use these skills is “wasting” the benefits of being a Vampire. It does not take many perk points to get the most out of these skills.
Sneak. All you need are 9 points, one for each perk location. Don’t put additional perks in Stealth; 4 additional perks will only give you an additional +20% stealth (+5% times 4 levels), but merely being a vampire gives you +25%. Use those perks elsewhere and throw on an enchanted item if you feel like you want more sneak.
Illusion. Illusion is one of the few magic schools that genuinely benefit from dual casting, so it is a good perk choice (dual-casting enables Illusion spells to affect higher-level enemies). On my characters I choose all but the magicka-reducing perks, for a total of 9, which gives you all of the functionality from the perk tree. You are often casting these spells from stealth, so you have time to let magicka regen before trying to cast again (or utilize magicka-increasing potions or equipment, if necessary). Of course, it helps to have a character with a lot of magicka; I told you I like Altmer.
When considering what other skills to utilize as a Vampire character, I think it useful to consider what other abilities Vampires are given. Two come to mind: the drain life ability is a destruction spell, and the raise dead spell (and conjure gargoyle in vampire lord form) are conjuration spells. Therefore, I would conclude that destruction and conjuration magic are “natural” for a Vampire character.
Destruction. I have yet to create a destruction/mage character. Clearly there are synergies with vampirism. Make use of Necromage in the restoration skill tree (see other discussions on these forums) and a Vampire necromage can arguably become more powerful than any other magic-centric character. I am hoping someone with greater familiarity than I with this play style might contribute to the discussion here.
Conjuration. This is a favorite and oft-used skill of mine. Many will favor going through Necromancy and Dark Souls to get to Twin Souls. It *is* the shorter path, and a character choosing this path will benefit from dual-casting. However, I favor going through Summoner (both levels) and Atromancy, because then you have summoned help (I think of them as meat-shields) whenever you want. Even in dragon fights. And once again, I avoid magicka-reducing perks. Useful magicka thresholds are when you can conjure a bow and a dremora lord simultaneously, and later when you can conjure two dremora lords simultaneously. Then you have “arrived” as a conjurer.
In the Conjuration perk tree I also take Mystic Binding and Soul Stealer. I think that the best combat skill to blend with Sneak, Illusion, and Conjuration is Archery. Using a conjured bow levels conjuration, and when perked with Mystic Binding is more powerful than most bows in the game, and can be available fairly early in the game. With Soul Stealer the bow provides a great way to fill soul gems. So I discuss this skill next.
Archery. If Archery is going to be your primary method to dispose of foes, then take lots of perks here. The only two I do not take are the 2nd and 3rd levels of critical shot--the additional odds do not seem worth the perks. Go up the left side of the tree first; Power Shot might be the most valuable perk in the tree. I like Steady Hand (both levels), the slow-time effect allows you to get off more shots at enemies rushing you (before they get to you) and more shots at dragons that are stationary (at least for the moment). Steady Hand and Ranger cooperate well together, enabling you to maneuver quickly while your enemy cannot. Note: you can read elsewhere on this forums that Steady Hands is glitched if you take the perk Necromage, so don’t. Sadly, as a result, one of my characters is unplayable until a DLC comes out which allows re-perking.
With these four skills (Sneak, Illusion, Conjuration, and Archery) you can play through the entire game, and you can find a build that works for you at all levels. Prioritize the right branch of the Sneak tree, the left branch of the Archery tree, just one branch up to Twin Souls, and the right side of the Illusion tree to/through Quiet Casting, and you will have a serviceable (and I think fun) character to play at any/all levels.
After these four skills, as I level up I think about how to support these primary skills, and how to minimize the penalties of being a Vampire. One noticeable penalty of playing as a Vampire is that Vampires do not regenerate health, magicka or stamina in daylight. Enchanting and/or Alchemy can be very helpful with this. Smithing is also fun, if for no other reason than you can use all the dragonbone you collect to make lots of Dragonbone arrows.
Smithing. The light armor side is the fastest to Dragon Smithing, and of greater benefit to stealthy characters. Take also Arcane Blacksmith so you can improve items like the Nightingale Bow or Harkon’s Sword. It only takes 6 perks. If you don’t want to make heavy Dragonbone armor, you can have lots of dragonbone available late game to make Dragonbone arrows.
Alchemy. As an Archer, you have what might be the best poison delivery system in the game at your disposal. The most damaging poisons in the game (damage health + lingering damage health, without any beneficial effects) can be made if you have the top-level Purity perk. I like to use these poisons on Dragons. So I like to go all the way and use 12 perks on this skill (although some perk calculators don’t always suggest so, you must take one level of Experimenter before Purify becomes available.) I think this might be a more important skill than Enchanting for the sneaky archer with illusion and conjuration skills. However, if you don’t want to spend all those perks, it only takes 7 perks to make some great potions for regen/recovery of health, magicka and stamina.
Enchanting. Maybe it *is* overpowered, but it is also fun and it is sure helpful to be wearing some magicka and stamina regen items when you are out adventuring. If you are going to take any perks at all, it is useful to take 9. Take 5 in Enchanter, go straight up to Extra Effect, and also take Fire Enchanter, which will improve fire resist enchantments (which are obviously going to be near and dear to a Vampire’s heart). A Dunmer Vampire wearing footgear with Muffle and Fire Resist enchantments (just one piece of gear) will be just as resistant to fire as to frost (about 50% each). That, all by itself, is what is temping me away from my precious Altmer to play a Vampire Dunmer. Enchantments that I personally favor are the following: Vampire Royal Armor or custom enchanted armor with Restore Magicka + Restore Stamina. Feet: Muffle + Resist Fire. Hands: Fortify Marksman + Fortify Sneak. Head: Fortify Illusion + Fortify Conjuration. This combination provides important regeneration and also fortifies all important skills. Neck: Resist Fire + Regenerate Stamina (if you want stamina regeneration while in vampire lord form you need it on either necklace or ring). Swap out for Resist Frost + Regenerate Stamina if it is a frost-breathing dragon shouting at you. For a ring I like the Ring of the Erudite (I got it with the very first random quest after completing the Dawnguard questline) with +100 Magicka and some magicka regeneration or a custom-enchanted ring with regenerate health and regenerate stamina enchantments. If you want an extra enchantment or two on your character, stock up on Penitus Oculatus helmets which can be worn with a circlet underneath. I happen to think that this helmet looks particularly good with vampire armor.
A character as I describe here is good at some things and not so good at others. This is my favorite dungeon crawler: sneak, kill, and move on. This character is also pretty good against dragons. Conjure a friend or two (I now favor storm atronachs for their ranged attack that can help wound a dragon and get it on the ground) and get to shooting. Remember to use a frost-enchanted bow (the Nightingale Bow if you have it) against fire-breathing dragons, and a bow with a fire damage enchantment against frost-breathing dragons. And when you know you are going to hit your shot, add a poison (which you can do even while the bow is drawn).
This character is not always so good at boss fights. Conjure friends who will hopefully attract the enemy’s attention and then hit them with your bow. If you hit your “friends” it doesn’t matter too much because you can always conjure another (one of the benefits of the conjure rather than raise branch of the perk tree). Neither is this character very good if you get attacked by surprise, say by the Dawnguard who have this supreme dislike of Vampires. I have been using the Vampire Lord character in these circumstances with some success.
A pet perk of mine is Extra Pockets in the Pickpocket perk tree, which takes 3 perks to get to. An alchemist will often find need to carry lots of potions and ingredients around. A good choice is to put some perks in is One-Handed, which will help if you are attempting sneak attacks using something other than a dagger.
At level 81 your build might look like this (probably with some extra perks to play with as you wish):
Archery -- 14 perks
One-Handed -- 1 to 5 perks
Smithing -- 6 perks
Sneak -- 9 perks
Pickpocket -- 3+ perks
Alchemy -- 12 perks
Illusion -- 9 perks
Conjuration -- 5 to 11 perks
Enchanting -- 9 perks
If you think, for whatever reason, that some of the suggestions made above are for wimps, that you want to close with the enemy and bash some face personally, then I would suggest that a Vampire be a sword-and-board character, particularly for the Elemental Protection perk which, when combined with Spellbreaker, will make your character practically immune to all fire, frost and shock attacks when your shield is raised.
Light Armor. All it really takes are 8 perks, up the left side to Wind Walker (which has obvious benefits for Vampire characters) and all 5 levels of Agile Defender.
Block. Take every perk, but only one level of Shield Wall, for a total of 9. Prioritize going up the left side of the perk tree; just the four perks up through Block Runner may be enough.
One-Handed. All you really need is 5 levels of Armsman. You will use your shield for power attacks, and use your sword simply to mete out punishment. So if you can find 22 perks to change in my suggested build, you can have a good face-bash character.
Clearly these are simply my own thoughts. There are many, many ways to build and play characters in Skyrim, which is what makes it so fun. I like playing stealthy marksman characters in RPGs, and I think this works *very* well with a Vampire character.