Just wanted to say I'm having the exact same problem, and disabling all mods and reinstalling doesn't work for me either

Well, I managed to solve this, but get ready for some trouble.
I reinstalled the entire game and DLC, after unsubscribing from and uninstalling all of my mods. Then I had to load a save before I built the door. As soon as I built it, the rest of the house popped up and now everything's fine. Re-add mods as needed.
There's likely an easier fix than this, but after spending a good 3 hours tinkering I certainly couldn't find one. It's due to incompatibilities with a select few mods, and even after removing them the problems persist. (Although they only really affected the door, in my case...)
EDIT: In hindsight, reinstalling the entire game probably wasn't necessary. The key is to deactivate all problem-mods before loading a save
before building the door. While the rest of the house is invisible with the mods, the door seems to be the only real problem that can't be easily fixed, likely due to conflicts within the cell.