My ideas:
Classify alcohol as a drug.
Completely re-work all drug schedules based on the newest data.
Make only those drugs in the lowest schedule be allowed to be produced, sold or used, and only by a licensed seller/maker (other than small homebrews or stills, depending on local laws of course).
Classify all unlicensed sale or manufacture the same as you would for other drugs.
Higher penalties for under aged sales, including fines for a first offense, loss of license and fines/jail for a second offense (fines for the employee who makes the sale as well).
A staggered drinking age, 18 for beer or wine served in bars, 21 for spirits. Maybe even 16, that works in places in Europe.
Jails (not prisons), should have large sections devoted for nothing but detox, where people are put to sober up over night, without charges being made for first offenses. Rehab next, jail for recidivists.
More beat patrols, they work.
Harsh in some areas, more relaxed in others, I don't think a broad set of hard punishments or softer options works in all cases, so a layered approach could be best.
I'm talking New Zealand here BTW, the only other country I've been to is Japan, and they sold beer in vending machines -I don't think they have the same level of a problem

Oh, I should have read OP, but still, the drinking age is 18 here, so people are allowed to drink as much as they want at university.