A demigod not a god and there's no proof that they disappeared all at once. Arniel disappeared and the whole race of men didn't go anywhere.
1. Vivec used the Heart of Lorkhan to acheive his status. He has a fundamental link to the powers that caused the dissapearance of the dwarves. If he says he can't sense them, then, in all liklihood, they're gone.
2. There's no proof that they DIDN'T dissapear all at once either.
3. Arniel wasn't using all the tools, just Keening. He didn't have the heart, either, nor Kargenac's knowledge. Furthermore, he died. The player receives Summon Arniel's Shade (http://www.uesp.net/wiki/Skyrim:Summon_Arniel%27s_Shade#Summon_Arniel.27s_Shade) at the end of the quest.