The FNV wiki lists all eyewear found in FNV to have 1+/2+ perception
depending on a certain perk. I have found a number of sunglasses in
various states of repair and examining them in the pip boy inventory
shows them to have no effects. Is the wiki wrong or have these glasses
become glitched?

thats only if u take the four eyes perk "trait" in the beginning of the game

As far as I've seen in the game, all items with the word "glasses" in their name, for example, eyeglasses, reading glasses, and sunglasses, give plus one perception, or plus two if you choose the "Four Eyes" trait, which reduces your perception by one when you're not wearing glasses but makes glasses have twice the bonus when you do wear them. But there are a few items which seem to take up the same slot as glasses that don't actually qualify for the trait or give a bonus to perception. Some helmets also prevent you from wearing anything else in that slot, mostly ones which include their own goggles, or completely cover your eyes.

I don't have the "four eyes" perk but according to wiki the glasses should
still give +1 perception. I have no problem equipping glasses/sunglasses
along with my other gear.

It's just a wiki, doesn't mean it's completely accurate.

The wiki is accurate though.

As far as I can tell, glasses only give a bonus if the wearer has the 4-Eyes trait. Otherwise they don't do anything mechanically. This is how it is with my game on the 360. Maybe it is a glitch?

Most hats or headgear give a +1 to perception, glasses only if you take Four eyes.
What this trait does is knock your actuall perception down by 1 but grants a tempory bonus of +2 as long as you wear glasses..
Which means for certain perks you need to put at least 7 points into perception, for the 6 minimum requirement, otherwise you loose any benefit apart from a small 2 point stat increase in lockpick / explosives.
That and spotting enemies becomes harder without glasses, rendering your max DT lower or making certain outfits impossible to wear without taking a loss.

Note that means without glasses you lose 4 pt's with them you gain 2.

Since there's eyeglasses in the Doc's office, all good metagamers should select four eyes.