Here's my problem. I lay it out step by step.
1. Load up Skyrim from Steam.
2. Continue from latest save.
3. Try to use bow.
4. Game freezes.
5. Curse
6. Ctrl+Alt+Delete
7. Close Skyrim Application
8. Reload Skyrim through Steam
9. Reload latest save
10. Play game with a smile. Problem free.
11. Get done. Exit to Desktop
12. Try to exit Steam. Says close Elder Scrolls first.
13. Ctrl+Alt+Delete. Try to end process TESV.exe*32. Cannot.
14. Curse again.
15. Hard reset computer because it locks up during the shut down process.
16. Curse.
17. Ask 'Why?'

Notes: It does not matter how long I wait to use my bow when I load my save. I could play my game all day and as long as I don't use my bow, it won't freeze. The first time I try and use my bow, no matter where I'm at in the game, what time of day, what I'm carrying, it always freezes during the pullback of the first arrow. Always. I don't know why the TESV.exe*32 process is always running.

I'd start with verifying the game cache, be worth updating vga/sound drivers if you have not so too.
Are you using mods?
Does it do the same on a new/older save?

Might as well post a dxdiag log too.