So, I'm a sneaky light armored character with a bow and Blades katana, and 2 daggers. Is my game glitching because my necklace and ring of "fortify one handed" doesn't work for my dagger, only my sword. What gives? While dual wielding a dagger in my right and a katana in my left.. will I still be able to use my enchanted jewelry to buff the sword?

Daggers have never (in Skyrim) been affected by fortify one-handed. Whether it's a bug or a feature is anyone's guess

For swords it works as it says.

So if I am dual wielding, my one-handed buffs from jewelry will still affect my sword yes? no matter what hand it's in?

Yes. I believe they decided not to allow the fortify one-handed benefit on daggers, because you can already get 6x and 15x (30x with a certain unique) damage from then when backstabbing out of stealth. I guess they thought it would be jacking their damage up too high, to give them even more +damage from that. Unfortunately, it gimps them for use in non-stealth dual-weilding combat, but oh well.