There's an infinite amount of even numbers.
There's an infinite amount of whole numbers.
But since there are two whole numbers for every even number, the infinite amount of whole numbers is twice as big as the infinite amount of even numbers.
False. The whole numbers are equinumerous with the even numbers. This is easy to prove. Define a function from the whole numbers to the whole numbers, such that f(n) = 2n. This function is a one-to-one correspondence between the whole numbers and the even numbers, showing that those two sets are equinumerous.
If you want a bigger infinite than the whole numbers, you need to get to the real numbers. The proof here is a little more difficult, but the basic idea is pretty straightforward. What you do is rely on the fact that any real number can be written as a decimal with an infinite number of places. Then you write out a list of such decimals - as many as you can count. This list will be no bigger than the set of whole numbers (since you can count the members of the list). Then, you construct a new decimal number that is
guaranteed to not be on your list, just by using a little trick. (You just say: if at the nth member on the list, the mth decimal place is "1", then the decimal place on the constructed number is "0"; otherwise, let the decimal place on the constructed number be "1"). This constructed decimal number is a real number, but it's not on your original list; but, by hypothesis, your original list contained all the numbers you can count. So, you've proven that there are more real numbers than whole numbers. As a corollary, you've proven that some infinities are bigger than others.
Edit: woops, error in my maths.