Okay, so I am not doing much smithing or enchanting or building my own weapons. I just want to know the easiest way to keep the magical weapons that I find charged. I know that I need soul gems, but what's the easiest way to get and fill gems.? Do I need some points in enchanting?

Easiest way? Just get a weapon with soul trap (or fiery soul trap, which is worlds better) as a secondary weapon or something and a lot of empty soul gems. You really don't need perks in enchanting, though the last one on the right side does help.

Get a soul trap weapon, give it and a bunch of soul gems to your follower, fill when needed.

And the gems themselves can be found in Dwemer ruins. Easiest one to access is the one under Markarth, just head up to the keep there and talk to Calcemo. Calcemo also sells soul gems.