I had this problem i fixed it by equiping then unequiping powder ganger armor, what i guess happened is that when i first put on their armor then put my vault armor on that it said i was disquised as a powder ganger but it did'nt pop up anything when i switched back to the vault armor.
It should say you are no longer disquised if you switch to non-faction armor, if it does'nt put on their armor then take it off until it says you are no longer disquised.
I think that there is a bug when we remove those disguises:
If you switch them for another armor, their effect would not be removed, so you have to remove them first by hand then wear the other armor.