IIRC this is because all faction armor effectively reduces your standing with all factions to neutral, even though it's not shown in the pip-boy. This happened with me during a Hoover Dam quest. I wasn't allowed to get bear the chopper and the NCR NPC kept saying "NCR Engineers and personnel only" even though I was idolized with them. In fact, I did this right after my pre-endgame save. I had finished the game once, went back to this save to do a couple things then finished the game again.
Anyway...
I went and got an engineers jumpsuit out of the supply closet and the NCR Trooper let me pass without becoming hostile. When I turned in the quest I got the "Accepted" dialog box, even though I was idolized prior to starting it. I looked in my pip-boy and sure enough I was "Accepted" with the NCR and a bunch of the other factions weren't even showing (Boomers, Khans, Strip, etc...). As soon as I took off that jumpsuit and checked my pip-boy I was idolized with NCR and all the other factions showed up again.
So I don't know if it's a glitch or working as intended. If working as intended then it can be very confusing for people.