I like to explore the dungeons only when i get a quest for it, because it makes it more purposeful to me.
I want to know if locations get populated when i discover it or when i actually enter it and if discovering (but not exploring) a location prevents quest givers to assign quests for that location. Right now, when i run around to get to dungeons i purposefully avoid discovering new locations for fear that they gets populated with low level characters and items and/or i will never get any quests pointing there, which would leads me having a whole bunch of unexplored locations sitting in my map which i'm never going to actually explore because either i have no quests for it and enemies are low level. At the opposite i would like to discover locations (and not explore them) if i knew someone will eventually give me some quests pointing there anyway and/or i knew that enemies would be leveled when i actually entered the instance, instead of when i discovered it. The problem arise because i think there are some locations which are actually quest starter (i.e. houses of quest givers, riddles) and not quests destination, which makes my approach to the game bugged because i would simply never find those.

So safe to say it wont interfere with quests if you go exploring a dungeon out of the blue. If it is quest related, you either wont be able to enter it, or the quest item/person wont be there. As far as i know theres only one dungeon so far i found that can be broken and it considers loot.