Well it has no punctuation as far as I can tell... I'm not sure if that is a blessing in disguise or not. Keep in mind that although the dragon language is not an actual language it is designed to appear like one - what this means is that rules that may aid you in your studies of languages may or may not apply. I would consider the dragon language to be more of a code system. The cipher to unlock the code is the dragon alphabet. But there is a second aspect to the code, deciphering what has been translated from the runes into understandable English. We have a list of growing words but so far it appears that a fully functional language is expecting a bit much from Bethesda. It is my belief that only the words needed to compose the needed text for the game (be it poetry or entire histories) will be decipherable. If you can cross reference the deciphered words with their meanings in English and pinpoint what the code structure is that would be fantastic. If the dragon language is randomized then we haven't a hope in hell of predicting unknown words out of the provisional context they appear in.
My theory is that it is not randomised and follows a bi-embedded code structure - but I haven't been able to prove that just yet. I am paying very close attention to the vowels in the draconic translation and the aligned English translation of each word - I believe they are the key to the puzzle. If you need any further information that cannot be found on the links in the OP then let me know and I will try and help you as best I can. Good luck!
Yes, I agree with Thadeus, unfortunately, the Draconic language is not an actual artificially constructed language (like Klingon, Na'vi or the languages from Dune, Tolkien, Princess of Mars, etc.)
Rather it is a sort of code that directly translates words into English, with English grammar, prepositions, particles, etc.
It would be quite awesome if Bethesda had hired a linguist to make this into an actual, constructed language, but from the Game Informer puzzle it seems quite clear this is not the case.