I'm absolutely stumped by the main quest when it comes to meeting Esbern. You essentialy have to adopt an "evil" persona at this point. The quest forces you to wrongfully plant incriminating evidence on an innocent man. I simply can't figure a way around this. Above all bugs, this intentional flaw in the game breaks it for me. I've played an evil character... it's fun... it's TOO rewarding. But there's no good way to progress through this game stopper.
I'm on PC, so I guess I can console it, but there has to be a good solution to this quest. I can't believe the game designers were this lax in their story. Am I missing something?
Initiative. That's all you're missing.
You don't have to do anything, and sending you to the thieves' guild is a tell on Delphine's character, not your own... she's... shady. feel warned on that one.
You can go to the bar and ask around, and even Bryn tells you that the guy is paying them to hide in the warrens and "if you take care of business first..." so just skip him and go down below.
only lowlives stand in your way, don't feel bad defending yourself to get to the bar... if you're willing to pay or have good speech skills you can get the information you need pretty quickly from the barkeep.