You do not necessesarily need a back-up with Conjuration. Cast your summon (familiar, atronach, etc.) spell and then summon a bound bow. You have distractions/tanks and ranged damage all in one school of magic. Bound bow is a way more magicka efficient method of delivering damage than any destruction spell.
No matter which magic school you use, you must keep your spell level higher than the mobs you are killing. You'll reach a point very quickly where the summoned familiar or zombie will just die, while you are trying to kill the mobs.
On master level, with robes, no bows or melee weapons, a health and stamina of only 100...i've played the entire game to level 63 using Illusion as main skills, and Conjuration as the second highest (combat) skill. Lots of Sneak though.
Make the mobs kill each other with rage/frenzy type skills...when there is only 1 left, summon a atronach or a zombie and blast it. I never get above Adept level of Destruction, and stayed at Apprentice for most of the levels.
With only 100 health, on master level, enemies kill you in 1 hit. Stay hid. Destruction will just get you killed much of the time. Use Illusion and Conjuration.