If the .ini file is anything like Oblivion's, the setting you would want to change would be the "iGridsToLoad" setting, I believe. in Oblivion it defaulted to 36; the number ALWAYS had to be a square number. (i.e, its square root must be a whole number. E.g, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, etc.) That would determine the number of "full-detail" cells it'd load, after which it'd show you the reduced-resolution "distance cells."
Note that raising this number will impose a BIG hit on how much memory the game uses, as well as increasing loading times... For Skyrim, I wouldn't touch it unless you had at least 4GB of RAM... At least, assuming that the RAM statements for the game's specs aren't over-stated like the GPU requirements are. (but not the CPU requirements)
If you wanna try that one go to Documents>My Games>Skyrim>Skyrim.ini
Right at the start under general there is:
uExterior Cell Buffer=32
I think this is the setting youre looking for.
Speaking for me btw, I am running crossfire hd6970′s on a i5 2500k with craploads of ram at ultra with .ini tweaks (only will try the cell buffer thingy now) and as far as I remember it looked pretty much the same for me outside solitude, seems like one of those forgotten areas on the map that just got less attention.
I will check it out now and take a screenshot with cell buffer set to 64.
Cheers