
That is simply another term for the same thing in my opinion. Do good things, good things happen to you. Do bad things, bad things happen to you
Not exactly. It's a Buddhism term, and the cause and effect is rather simple. It says when things happen, there's a cause, the cause could be committed through cycle of life or by many things combined. The effect may not takes place right away, but it will accumulate along with other deeds he/she had done. It could manifest right away, or several years, or even in next incarnation or after many incarnations later.
The karmic cycle doesn't measure in terms of hours or years or through your perception. It's part of the grand scheme of universe, measuring in terms of eternity.
So in Vometia's case. No matter how much good he does, it never seems to pay. In fact he may be already paying back of the horrible deeds he had done in his previous incarnations. What he does right now, will pay off in the future, maybe not right away, but it accumulates until when all factors favor it to manifest. However that doesn't mean it will come to be, sometimes karmic tides interfere with each other and deeds others had done may overcome what he had done. Again, karma doesn't serve one person, it flows as the universe indiscriminately.