-The Thalmor aren't that powerful. Infact they are just as weakened, if not more than the Empire.
The Summerset Isle is by no means a large province, infact it is one of the smaller ones. And the Aldmeri Dominion does not have much military support from Valenwood or Elsweyr. Nor do the Thalmor have an army THAT large, their victory throughout most of the Great War is credited to tactics and planning. Now, let's take a look at the Great War. The Great War began on the 30th of Frostfall, 4E 171. The war was triggered when Titus Mede II rejected the Aldmeri Ultimatum that was presented to him; this Ultimatum, whose terms were very similar to that of the White-Gold Concordat (we'll get to that). I'm not going to go over the whole war, just the parts I want to use to make my point. If you would like to know more abou the Great War, read this - http://elderscrolls.wikia.com/wiki/The_Great_War_(Book)
During the Great War, the main focus of the Aldmeri armies was Cyrodiil, although there was fighting in southern Hammerfell. Near the end of the war, the Dominion captred and sacked the Imperial city. This was followed by the Battle of Red Ring, in which the Leigons retook the city and annihilated (that means completely destroyed) the Aldmeri Armies occupying Cyrodiil. Afterward, Titus Mede II presented the Dominion with the White-Gold Concordat Treaty. Mede II had over estimated the Dominion, and ironically, the Dominion had done the same. If they were powerful enough, they would've proceeded to destroy the Empire, regardless of a treaty. Even though the treaty heavily favors the Dominion, it ultimately detains them from reaching their ultimate goal. The Thalmor also refer to the Great-War as "The first war with the empire" insinuating that they plan on starting another one eventually. If anything, the WGC is a convinience for both sides to rebuild their forces.
Terms of the White-Gold Concordat:
- The Redguard lands south of the Alik'r Desert are to be ceded to the Aldmeri Dominion (I believe it was about a third of Hammerfell).
-The disbandment of the Blades organization.
-The Banning of Talos' worship.
-The Thalmor are allowed free and unrestricted access throughout the Empire.
The Redguards were outraged at the Empire for paying the treaty with their hard-won lands and waged their own war against the Dominion. The Empire was forced to renounce Hammerfell as a province, and a war between the Dominion and Hammerfell would be waged on for five years. Now, keep in mind that during this time the Thalmor had no other pertaining Military threats, Hammerfell was their only target for their offensive military. The rest of the Thalmor's mer-power was directed toward defending borders and rooting out Talos heretics throughout the Empire. The war was fought to a stalemate and eventually the Dominion had to withdraw their forces from Hammerfell. What does that say? It says that the Dominion did not have enough resources to continue waging a small war against an "inferior" province that was not even united under the Empire. And now the Redguards harbor a cold hatred against the Empire for abandoning them and winning a war by themselves. One can argue that this is heavily credited to the Battle of Red Ring, but the point remains. What makes people think that Skyrim, home to the other group of strongest, fiercest warriors Tamriel has to offer, would be crushed by the Dominion without the Empire? The war with the Dominion in Hammerfell ended the civil war between the Crowns and the Forbears and the nation has been prospering ever since.
-Men breed much faster than Elves.
Several generations have passed sicne the Great War (30 years worth), and even though Elves live much longer than humans, they populate a lot slower.
-'People still worship Talos in secret. Banning his worship isn't a big deal.'
Well, I guess if you think that you're right. But then again, it depends on what you think a 'big deal' is. In my opinion, Thalmor Justiciars going to Talos shrines and slaughtering innocent people (sometimes not even Talos worshippers, just those who happened to be near the area), Nord families ratting eachother out, Thalmor imprisoning, torturing and evnetually killing 'alleged' Talos worshippers without any solid proof and the Empire not doing a damn thing is a pretty big deal.
-Ulfric Stormcloak and most Stormcloaks are not racist.
First off, there is not a single piece of solid evidence that you can present that states Ulfric Stormcloak is a racist, and I will refute the most popular arguments.
-The Conditions of the Gray Quarter in Windhelm and how they Dunmer and Argonians are treated.
Windhelm and the Gray Quater were offered as a safe haven to the refugees who fled from Morrowind after the eruption of Red Mountain. The conditions of the Gray-Quarter have always been crappy, even when Windhelm was under Imperial control. There a few reasons why Ulfric has not tried to improve the conditions. 1: He is waging a war, I would assume he has slighter bigger problems to worry about. 2: The Dark Elves have not bothered to help the Nords, they have only taken advantage of their hospitality. It is not impossible to be an Elf and have a good status in Windhelm. Niranye, who is a High-Elf and whom the Nords were probably even more suspicious of remarks, 'The Dark Elves are too proud and naive to gain the Nords' respect.' A Dark Elf, Brelyn Hlaalu, owns a farm near the city which is patrolled by Stormcloak soldiers. Guards often recommend you to visit Saadri's used wares to sell/purchase.
Maybe the Argonians are kept outside of Windhelm because they could not coexist with the Dunmer? Allowing them into the cities would probably cause riots seeing as how the Argonains are controlled by the Hist.
Nords in general are suspicous of outsiders, deeming them as 'Milk Drinkers' until they prove that they are honorable. But once they do, they will treat them as their own.
-Ulfric only wants to be High-King.
Wrong, If he did, I think he would've eagerly accepted the opportunity to crown himself High-King in a tryant-like fashion at the end of the Stormcloak questline. Instead, he declines, allowing Elisif to continue to rule Solitude and will wait for the Moot to rightfully name him High-King. Also, at the end of the questline, Ulfric mentions invading the Summertset Isles, this implies that the Stormcloaks are well and ready to both defend Skyrim and launch their own invasions.
-The Markarth Incident
I believe that the book is a propaganda piece for two reasons. It is a secondary source and it was written by an Imperial Scholar, not a Native Reachman or Nord. It is an attempt to cover the Empire's ass depicting them as "We couldn't do anything to take the Reach back and all we could do is let this monster Ulfric Stormcloak kill these people." There is no NPC that mentions Ulfric's 'atrocities.' Nords do not mention his 'atrocities,' they simply remark about how he used the Thu'um to defeat the Forsworn. Forsworn do not even mention his name. Braig, one of the few Forsworn who talk about the Markarth Incident and such talks about the cruelty that the Imperial-controlled city showed him. And the atrocities it committed, paticularly against his daughter. In 4E 201, his daughter would've been 23, meaning she was born in 4E 178, 2 years after the Markarth Incident when Ulfric was in prison and the city was under Imperial control.
-"SKYRIM IS FOR THE NORDS! RAWR!"
The motto "Skyrim is for the Nords" does not mean that Nords are superior and no other race should be allowed to live there. "Skyrim is for the Nords" means that True Nords should be in control of Skyrim and its future, not Eleves, Imperials, or Nords addicted to Imperial coin. As Ralof says "You don't have to be a Nord to fight for Skyrim's freedom." The Stormcloaks have no problem with a non-Nord helping their cause, as long as they share the same beliefs. In otherwords, hatred for the Thalmor and belief that Skyrim should be able to rule itself.
What I believe will happen is once Skyrim gains it's independance, it will create an alliance with Hammerfell (who will gladly accept) and possibly coerce High-rock into leaving the Empire. Then, with the Empire's help or not, these provinces will fight the weakened Dominion off of Tamriel and eventually siege Summerset.

