Well Alduin hasn't gone up against a Daedric Prince before if you weren't referring to Oblivion. Any Daedric Prince would own Alduin like a naughty gecko. He even had to lie to the other Dragons to get them to believe in the superiority of his Thu'um over theirs. Paarthurnax blows that secret. If Alduin didn't have all of the power he says he does and was forced to lie to Dragons to get to rule them, then he'd get flat owned by a Daedric Prince.
But lets compare.
In Oblivion, when Mehrunes Dagon is walking through the Imperial City, you can't even hurt Dagon. You can do damage to him, but he regens faster than you can cause damage. You even have the Blessings of Talos, and you can't hurt Dagon.
In Skyrim, you fight Alduin on top of the TotW, and you mess him up pretty quick. And there, you're just a normal *insert race here* with the Soul of a Dragon, but you're still able to cause impressive amounts of damage to Alduin's corpus.
There really isn't an argument. Lesser Daedra may fear Alduin, but he's a sad joke to a Daedric Prince.
You can't hurt Alduin without dragonrend either, the guy is immune to damage. Alduin has already eaten Daedric princes in previous Kalpa's, probably in a more powerful state then we find him in Skyrim but he has done so.
Is this a joke or what?

Most of the characters are Dwemer, there are different versions of the story but in all versions they're Dwemer, I could be wrong and if I am I'd love to see the source as Elder Scrolls history really interests me!

http://www.imperial-library.info/content/ancient-tales-dwemer
What about Trinimac, devoured by Boethia to birth malacath? (I think it was malacath anyway lol)
Didn't die, he simply changed. You can change Daedra. Jyggy got turn into Sheo, but he never died.