Not in the open world. But one of the better bugs if you ask me.
"Skeletal dragons are usually encountered in dungeons, caves, and any underground structure with draconic lore in Skyrim. Although flightless and not having dragon souls, they are still dangerous"
- Elder Scrolls Wiki
You may be right, but the wiki might suggest that it is possible to see them on the surface. I'm not at that stage myself, so it could just be me reading too much into it.
I wouldn't mind this bug a little more often, because sometimes I find the dragon fights too easy. Also, it would mean more experience for levelling.